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1.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 50(6): e20190176, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1133265

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Dairy desserts containing Caesalpinia pulcherrima seed galactomannan were evaluated to determine their static and dynamic rheological behaviors. Variations in consistency index (k), flow behavior (n), yield stress and thixotropy of the desserts indicated that the galactomannan caused an increase in the shear stress and apparent viscosity of the system. All samples exhibited shear-thinning behavior with flow behavior index values (n) between 0.06 and 0.37. Dynamic rheological behavior was evaluated for MD (high solid levels) and MD/2 (half the amount of solids) groups, and both G' and G'' moduli were depended on the frequency. The MD and MD/2 groups showed variations in the elastic modulus (G') throughout the temperature range (mainly at 50 °C), showing greater sensitivity at high temperatures. C. pulcherrima galactomannan was able to promote synergism with starch, milk protein and sucrose and to improve the development of stronger and more resistant gels.


RESUMO: Sobremesas lácteas contendo galactomanana de semente de Caesalpinia pulcherrima tiveram suas propriedades reológicas estáticas e dinâmicas avaliadas. As variações nos índices de consistência (K) e comportamento de fluxo (n), assim como na tensão inicial de fluxo e na tixotropia das sobremesas mostraram o efeito da galactomanana sobre a tensão de cisalhamento e viscosidade aparente dos sistemas lácteos. Todas as sobremesas exibiram comportamento pseudoplástico, com índices de comportamento de fluxo (n) variando entre 0,06 e 0,37. A reologia dinâmica dos grupos MD (alto teor de sólidos) e MD/2 (metade do teor de sólidos), mostrou G' > G'' e módulos dependentes da frequência e da temperatura. Alterações químicas nos componentes das sobremesas foram observadas a 50° C em virtude da maior sensibilidade dos valores de G' e G" a partir dessa temperatura. A galactomanana de C. pulcherrima contribuiu para o desenvolvimento de géis mais fortes e resistentes nas sobremesas lácteas, bem como mostrou sinergismo com amido, proteína do leite e sacarose.

2.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 55(2): 171-181, Mar.-Apr. 2012. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-622695

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to determine the yield, chemical composition, specific rotation (SR), infrared (IR) spectroscopy and the effect on bacterial growth of a crude sulfated polysaccharide (SP) from the red marine alga G. ornata (Go). Go-1 (25°C), Go-2 (80°C), and Go-3 (80°C) were sequentially extracted and yielded 9.2%. The contents of sulfate (5.88-10.3%) and proteins (0.1-3.7%) were small. The values of SR were [µ]D20°f -19.0, -51.0, and -56.5, respectively. IR spectrums showed the presence of galactose-4 sulfate and absence of 3,6-anydrogalactose-2 sulfate, galactose-6 sulfate and galactose-2 sulfate. SR and IR techniques confirmed SPs. Go-3 was tested on the growth of bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogens, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonela choleraesuis and Salmonela typhi), but only E. coli was inhibited.

3.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 54(5): 907-916, Sept.-Oct. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604251

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work was to study the effect of Halymenia floresia (Hf) on duodenum contractility, and on experimental protocols of gastric compliance (GC) in rats. Fraction Hf2s exhibited a concentration-dependent myocontractile effect (EC50 12.48 µg/ml), and an inhibitory effect after consecutive washing. The contractile response promoted by Hf2s in the duodenum strips was completely inhibited by verapamil, and the effects were prevented in the presence of Ca2+-free medium. The pretreatment with atropine prevented the Hf2s myocontractile effect. Hf2s was also capable to decrease the GC (from 3.8±0.06 to 3.4±0.13 ml, P<0.05), which did not return to basal levels after more 50 min of observation. These results indicated that the algal polysaccharide possessed in vitro and in vivo gastrointestinal effects.

4.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 54(4): 691-700, July-Aug. 2011. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-595621

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate certain molecular characteristics of a sulfated polysaccharide (SPs) with anticoagulant properties, isolated from Caulerpa cupressoides (Chlorophyta). Crude SPs were extracted by proteolytic digestion (papain), followed by ion-exchange chromatography on a DEAE-cellulose column. The fractions obtained were analyzed for molecular mass, 0.5 percent agarose gel electrophoresis and chemical composition. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) test was applied using normal human plasma and standard heparin (HEP) (193 IU mg-1). The yield was ~ 3 percent, and the chromatography procedure separated the material into three different SP fractions (F I, F II and F III), eluted at the concentrations of 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 M of NaCl, respectively. Only fraction F II was active (24.62 IU mg-1), with high sulfate content (23.79 percent) and number of molecular mass peaks. Therefore, the APTT of a fraction isolated from C. cupressoides was less potent than HEP.

5.
Braz. oral res ; 21(1): 29-34, Jan.-Mar. 2007. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-444558

ABSTRACT

This study was undertaken to explore the effect of heating on gutta-percha, analyzing the occurrence of endothermic peaks corresponding to the transformation that occurs in the crystalline structure of the polymer during thermal manipulation. This study also seeked to determine the temperature at which these peaks occur, causing a transformation from the beta- to the alpha-form, and from the alpha- to the amorphous phase. Eight nonstandardized gutta-percha points commercially available in Brazil (Konne, Tanari, Endopoint, Odous, Dentsply 0.04, Dentsply 0.06, Dentsply TP, Dentsply FM) and pure gutta-percha (control) were analysed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The transition temperatures were determined and analysed. With the exception of Dentsply 0.04 and Dentsply 0.06, the majority of the products showed thermal behaviour typical of beta-gutta-percha, with two endothermic peaks, exhibiting two crystalline transformations upon heating from ambient temperature to 130°. Upon cooling and reheating, few samples presented two endothermic peaks. It was concluded that heating dental gutta-percha to 130°C causes changes to its chemical structure which permanently alter its physical properties.


Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar, através da Calorimetria Diferencial de Varredura (DSC) e Análise Termogravimétrica (TGA), os efeitos do aquecimento sobre o polímero guta-percha, bem como explorar a ocorrência de picos endotérmicos, os quais correspondem às transformações cristalinas do polímero guta-percha, o que é traduzido em transições de fases (fase beta para alfa e fase alfa para amorfa). Foram utilizadas 8 marcas comerciais de cones de guta-percha não-estandardizados disponíveis no mercado brasileiro (Konne, Tanari, Endopoint, Odous, Dentsply 0.04, Dentsply 0.06, Dentsply TP, Dentsply FM), além da guta-percha pura (controle). As temperaturas de transição foram determinadas e analisadas. Com exceção das amostras Dentsply 0.04 e Dentsply 0.06, todas as demais apresentaram duas transformações cristalinas de fase quando submetidas ao aquecimento da temperatura ambiente até 130°C, comportamento típico de guta-percha em fase beta. Ao serem resfriadas e reaquecidas, poucas amostras apresentaram dois picos endotérmicos. É possível concluir que o aquecimento a 130°C causa danos na estrutura química do polímero guta-percha, o qual altera de forma definitiva suas propriedades físicas.


Subject(s)
Gutta-Percha/chemistry , Materials Testing , Root Canal Therapy , Brazil , Calorimetry, Differential Scanning , Differential Thermal Analysis , Statistics, Nonparametric , Surface Properties , Temperature , Thermodynamics , Thermogravimetry
6.
Braz. dent. j ; 18(2): 97-101, 2007. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-466499

ABSTRACT

This in vivo study investigated the time of degradation of root filling material (trans 1,4-polyisoprene) retrieved from endodontically treated teeth and correlated the occurrence of degradation with the longevity of endodontics. Thirty-six root-filled teeth with different filling times (2 to 30 years) and with and without periapical lesions were selected. All teeth presented clinical indication for root canal retreatment. The association among filling time, presence of periapical lesion and root filling material degradation was investigated. Root filling samples were retrieved from the root canals using a Hedströ m file without solvent. The trans 1,4-polyisoprene was isolated by root filling solubilization in chloroform followed by filtration and centrifugation. GPC and FT-IR were the analytical techniques utilized. Degradation of trans 1,4-polyisoprene occurred with time, as a slow process. It is an oxidative process, and production of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in the residual polymer were observed. Statistically significant decrease of molar mass was observed after 5 (p=0.0001) and 15 (p=0.01) years in teeth with and without periapical lesion, respectively. Bacteria participated in polymer degradation. Gutta-percha aging was proven an important factor for the long-term success of endodontic treatment. The findings of the present study showed that, after 15 years, polymer weight loss may decrease the capacity of the filling mass to seal the root canal space and prevent re-infection, thus compromising significantly the longevity of root canal therapy.


Este estudo in vivo avaliou a degradação do material obturador e a influência deste fator na longevidade do tratamento endodôntico. Foram selecionados 36 pacientes (3-30 anos) com canais tratados endodonticamente, com e sem lesões periapicais, e indicação de retratamento endodôntico. Foi investigada a associação entre o tempo de tratamento, presença de lesão periapical e a degradação do material obturador. O material obturador foi removido com uma lima Hedströ em sem uso de solvente. O polímero trans 1,4- poliisopreno foi isolado do material obturador através de solubilização em clorofórmio, seguido de filtragem e centrifugação. GPC e FT-IR foram os métodos analíticos utilizados. A degradação do trans 1,4- poliisopreno foi observada com o tempo, sendo um processo lento e oxidativo, com formação de grupos carboxílicos e hidroxilas no polímero residual. Após 5 (p=0,0001) e 15 (p=0,01) anos, em dentes com e sem lesões periapicais, respectivamente, houve decréscimos significantes na massa molar do material obturador. A infecção bacteriana participa no processo de degradação do polímero. O envelhecimento da guta-percha é um fator que influencia o sucesso a longo prazo do tratamento endodôntico. Após 15 anos, a longevidade do tratamento pode ser significantemente afetada pela redução da capacidade de selamento causada pela perda de massa molar do polímero, permitindo a reinfecção do sistema de canais radiculares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hemiterpenes/chemistry , Latex/chemistry , Root Canal Filling Materials/chemistry , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Centrifugation , Chemical Phenomena , Chromatography, Gel , Carbon/analysis , Chloroform/chemistry , Dental Pulp Cavity/microbiology , Filtration , Gutta-Percha/chemistry , Hemiterpenes/analysis , Hydroxides/analysis , Latex/analysis , Oxidation-Reduction , Oxygen/analysis , Periapical Periodontitis/microbiology , Periapical Periodontitis/therapy , Retreatment , Root Canal Obturation , Root Canal Filling Materials/analysis , Solubility , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Solvents/chemistry , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
7.
Braz. oral res ; 19(3): 193-197, July-Sept. 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-417433

ABSTRACT

Oito marcas de cones de guta-percha disponíveis no mercado brasileiro (Konne, Tanari, Endopoint, Odous, Dentsply 0.04, Dentsply 0.06, Dentsply TP e Dentsply FM) foram analisadas quimicamente e por difração de raios X; e suas composições, comparadas. A porção orgânica (guta-percha e ceras/resinas) foi separada da porção inorgânica (ZnO e BaSO4) através da dissolução em clorofórmio. O polímero guta-percha foi precipitado com adição de acetona. A fração inorgânica foi analisada por microanálise elementar. Microanálise por energia dispersiva de raios X (EDX) e difração por raios X foram utilizadas para identificar os elementos e compostos (BaSO4 e ZnO). A quantidade de sulfato de bário foi calculada através da porcentagem de enxofre detectada na microanálise elementar. Todas as análises foram executadas em triplicata. As médias e os desvios padrões das porcentagens em peso de guta-percha nas diferentes marcas analisadas foram: Konne (17,6 ± 0,30), Tanari (15,2 ± 0,30), Endopoint (16,7 ± 0,23), Odous (18,8 ± 0,20), Dentsply 0.04 (15,7 ± 0,17), Dentsply 0.06 (16,6 ± 0,17), Dentsply TP (21,6 ± 0,15) e Dentsply FM (16,3 ± 0,23). As médias e os desvios padrões das quantidades de óxido de zinco encontrados foram: Konne (79,9 ± 0,10), Tanari (81,9 ± 0,07), Endopoint (81,3 ± 0,40), Odous (79,7 ± 0,26), Dentsply 0.04 (77,9 ± 0,03), Dentsply 0.06 (78,2 ± 0,07), Dentsply TP (69,8 ± 0,19) e Dentsply FM (72,6 ± 0,70). O método utilizado foi apropriado para quantificação dos componentes guta-percha, ceras/resinas, óxido de zinco e sulfato de bário. Foram encontrados cones que não apresentaram sulfato de bário na composição. Foi detectada uma concentração exagerada de ceras/resinas no cone Dentsply FM (p = 0,0003). O cone Dentsply TP apresentou a maior porcentagem de guta-percha.


Subject(s)
Gutta-Percha/chemistry , Brazil , Barium Sulfate/analysis , Electron Probe Microanalysis , X-Ray Diffraction , Zinc Oxide/analysis
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